O LEVEL- IT TOOLS & BUSINESS SYSTEM

TRICKS TO CRACK FIRST PAPER:   

                            M1-R4: IT TOOLS & BUSINESS SYSTEMS

     

        SOME IMPORTANT TOPICS WHICH FREQUENTLY ASKED EVERY            YEAR:--

 HEADER AND FOOTER --

IN M.S WORD

You can make your document look professional and polished by utilizing the header and footer sections. The header is a section of the document that appears in the top margin, while the footer is a section of the document that appears in the bottom margin. Headers and footers generally contain information such as page number, date, and document name.

To insert a header or footer:

·        Select the Insert tab.

·        Click either the Header or Footer command. A menu appears with a list of built-in options you can use.

·        Left-click one of the built-in options, and it will appear in the document.

OR

·        Left-click Blank to select it.

The Design tab with Header and Footer tools is active.

Type information into the header or footer.

To insert the date or time into a header or footer:

With the header or footer section active, click the Date & Time command.

Other header and footer options

There are many other header and footer options you can use to design these sections of your document. From the Header and Footer Tools Design tab, you can see all of your design options.

IN M.S EXCEL

This example teaches you how to add information to the header (top of each printed page) or footer (bottom of each printed page) in Excel.

1. On the View tab, in the Workbook Views group, click Page Layout, to switch to Page Layout view.

Click Add header.

The Header & Footer Tools contextual tab activates.

3. On the Design tab, in the Header & Footer Elements group, click Current Date to add the current date (or add the current time, file name, sheet name, etc).

Result:

Note: Excel uses codes in order to automatically update the header or footer as you change the workbook.

4. You can also add information to the left and right part of the header. For example, click the left part to add the name of your company.

5. Click somewhere else on the sheet to see the header.

6. On the Design tab, in the Options group, you can add a different first page header/footer and a different header/footer for odd and even pages.

7. On the View tab, in the Workbook Views group, click Normal, to switch back to Normal view.

CELL REFERENCE --

A cell reference, or cell address, is an alphanumeric value used to identify a specific cell in a spreadsheet. Each cell reference contains one or more letters followed by a number. The letter or letters identify the column and the number represents the row.

In a standard spreadsheet, the first column is A, the second column is B, the third column is C, etc. These letters are typically displayed in the column headers at the top of the spreadsheet. If there are more than 26 columns, the 26th column is labeled Z, followed by AA for column 27, AB for column 28, AC for column 29, etc. Column 55 is labeled BA. Rows simply increment numerically from top to bottom starting with "1" for the first row.

Examples of cell references are listed below:

1.     First column, seventh row: A7

2.     Tenth column, twentieth row: J20

3.     Sixty-first column, three hundred forty-second row: BI342

4.     One thousand column, two thousandth row: ALL2000

Cell references are helpful in two ways: 1) They provide an easy way to locate a specific value within a spreadsheet, and 2) they are used in creating formulas.

Locating Values

If you are reviewing a spreadsheet with another user, you can simply use the column/row combination to reference a specific cell. You can also use the "Go To..." feature to jump to a specific cell. This is especially helpful when working with large spreadsheets that have hundreds or thousands of cells.

Creating Formulas

Most spreadsheet programs support formulas that can be used to calculate values based on the contents of other cells. For example, a cell may contain the function:

=D8/E10

The above function will automatically populate the cell with the value stored in cell D8 divided by the value in E10. If G2 contains the function above, and D8 is 20 and E10 is 5, then G2 will display the value 4. A cell may also simply display the value of another cell. For instance, if G3 contained the function =D8, it would display 20 (the value stored in D8).

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