MicroSoft DOS/Command Prompt
COMPUTER BASIC COURSE
(From Beginner to Advance Level)
MicroSoft DOS( Disk Operating System)
Single user operating system means one time, one person, one work and one CPU.
No graphical Environment.
Introduction by Microsoft corporation in 1981.
Virgins of DOS -- 1.Q, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 6.22, 7.01, 7.10 .
But today's we mostly used simulator of Dos i.e Command Prompt which is similar to DOS.
DOS Screen
DOS Commands :--
In MS-DOS, there are two ways commands are executed:
Internally and externally. An internal command is embedded into the command.com
file, and an external command is not and requires a separate file to operate.
For example, if your computer does not have the fdisk.exe
file and you try using the fdisk command, you will receive a “Bad command or
file name” error message. Fdisk is an external command that only works if
fdisk.exe, or in some cases, fdisk.com, is present. However, as long as MS_DOS
is running on your computer internal commands, such as the cd command, will
always be available and does not require other files to run. Each of the
commands listed on the MS-DOS help page denote what commands are external and
internal.
Why are internal and external commands needed?
Internal commands are more commonly used and important to
the operation and use of the Windows operating system. By embedding them in the
command.com file, they can be quickly accessed and always available in MS-DOS
and to Windows when needed.
External commands are powerful commands and can
help fix problems, improve performance, or perform other actions. Typically,
external commands have higher resource requirements than internal commands.
Keeping them in separate files, separated from internal commands, helps to
reduce the load on Windows. They can also be added to Windows whenever needed
by copying the external command’s file to the computer.
Rule of File
Name in MS-DOS
Maximum upto 8 character
No blank space are allowed in between file name
Internal Command – Copy, Type, CLS, Date and Time, MD, CD,
RD etc
External Command – Attrib, Edit, Doskey, label color etc
Some commonly used 'DOS Command'
Internal Command – Copy, Type, CLS, Date and Time, MD, CD,
RD etc
External Command – Attrib, Edit, Doskey, label color etc
Some commonly used 'DOS Command'
1) EDIT FILE NAME
Exp: - C:\>Edit
2) DATE & TIME
This command is use to show and change
the date & time.
Exp: - C :\> Date (mm-dd-yy)
Exp: - C :\> Time (hh-mm-ss)
3) MD Command
This command is use to create a new
directory.
Exp: - C :\> MD directory name
4) CD Command
This command is use to Come the
directory.
Exp: - C :\> CD directory name
5) CD.. Command
This command is use to change or exit the
directory.
Exp: - C :\> CD..
6) DIR
This command is use to View of the directory.
Exp: - C :\>DIR Page show
C :\>DIR/P Page wise whole dir show
C :\>DIR/W Width wise file
& dir show without date & time
C:\>DIR/S Whole file & dir show and count.
C:\>DIR/AH Show the hide file & dir
7) CHANGE DRIVE
This command is use to change the Drive
C :\> D:
D :\>
8) DELETE Command
This Command is use to delete the
file & directory
(a)
for file delete
C :\>
(b)
for directory delete
C :\> RD dir name (remove only empty dir)
(c)
deltree command
C :\> Deltree dir name or file name (delete all files & directories)
9) COPY Command
This Command is use to only copy a file
in to another file.
C :\> Copy old file
name new file name
10) REN Command
This command
is use to change dir & file name
C :\> Ren old file name new file name
11) MOVE COMMAND
This command is used
to move the file and directory
Or
Change the directory & file
name
C:\> Move file
name dir name
C:\> Move
old file name new file name
12)
ATTRIB Command
This command is
used to hidden file and directory or read only files.
C:\> Attrib
+H file name (For hidden file)
C:\> Attrib -H
file name (For unhidden file)
C:\>
Attrib +R file name (For read only file)
C:\> Attrib
-R file name (For unread only file)
13)
SCANDISK (For Win
98 ) CHKDSK Command
This command is
used to Scanned the directory & file in the computer.
C:\>Scandisk
C:\>Chkdsk
14)
COPY CON Command
This command is used to create a new
file.
C:\>Copy con file name
15)
TYPE Command
This command is use
to see the file text.
C:\> Type file name
16)
PROMPT Command
This command
is use the c: drive change the name
C:\> Prompt name
C:\>Prompt $T (time)
C:\>Prompt $D (date)
C :\> Prompt
$p$g
(This command is use
to the exit Prompt Command.
17)
ECHO Command
This command is use
to the hidden drive.
C:\> Echo off
C:\> Echo on
18)
MODE Command
This command
is use to the change font size.
C:\>
Mode 40
C:\>
Mode 80
19)
MORE Command
This command is use
to show the all file text
C :\> More file name
20)
TREE Command
This command
is use to the tree shape the directory.
C :\> Tree dir name
21)
COPY *.* Command
This command is use
to copy the all files.
C:\> Copy *.*
22)
DEL
This command is use
to del the
all files.
C:\> Del *.*
23)
VERSION Command
This Command is use
to show version.
C:\>ver
24)
VOLUME Command
This command is use
to volume serial number.
C:\>vol
25)
LABEL Command
This command is use
to change the drive name.
C:\>Label
26)
CLS Command
This command is use
to clear the screen.
C:\> Cls
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